photo's and some test results of ship/embankment collapse.
Simulation collapse of ship front with sand embankment.
No vertical displacement was allowed.
Centrifuge test is performed at 150g.
photo 1 test setup
photo 2 test setup
photo 3 test setup
photo 4 test setup
photo 5 test setup at end of test
photo 6 model ship
photo 7 model ship
load displacement diagram start
load displacement diagram medium
load displacement diagram end
Test with smaller ship H=40mm
photo 7 model ship
photo 9 test setup at end of test
load displacement diagram end
The next experiments wil be performed with a scale model of a
container ship.
Top view ship
Side view ship
bottom view ship
Dimensions ship: height = 35mm, width hull = 50mm.
Distance from tip to hull = 170 mm.
Some tests have been carried out on Friday 18-05 (100g)
Ship just before start test.
Ship position at end of test.
The following two diagrams show the horizontal and vertical load during
penetration. The first diagram shows
the beginning of penetration.
In the second diagram the tip was
pushed into the sand over some distance,
in order to visualize the load displacement diagram at larger displacement
(the horizontal range of the loading system is only 80 mm).
Interesting phenomenon is that the vertical load (green line) is larger
than the horizontal load (blue line). Thanks to the the sharp tip the breaking
force looks rather low.
If the load (F)/displacement(s) diagram is known, and the load is scaled
in a correct way (square with gravity) than it is easy to calculate
in a numerical way the penetration distance of the ship into the embankment.
The basic equations are:
a = F/m (m= mass ship (e.g. 1500MN)
v(t) = v't + 1/2 at^2
s = vt (v = speed e.g. 3m/s)
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This page has last been edited January 2000 by h.allersma@CT.TUDelft.nl.